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LuckyGlider Posted - Jan 11 2010 : 02:08:07 PM
Many of you are asking about this diet. We have it on a meetup.com URL in PDF form:
http://files.meetup.com/768852/LGRS_SuggieSoup.pdf
If you have trouble getting to that, here is the full text of the document (below right here):
Here also on sugarglider.com is the nutritional analysis link:
http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/viewrecipe.asp?item=...
Now we can just bookmark this post and it will be easier....
LGRS Suggie Soup Recipe (2.12:1 Ca:Ph Ratio)
Introduction
The LGRS Suggie Soup is an economical, lower-fat, lower cholesterol, higher calcium, higher protein recipe than similar recipes that use expensive, imported ingredients. This is the standard recipe for all rescues and animals being rehabilitated at Lucky Glider Rescue & Sanctuary. You can dilute the finished product with water and syringe feed it to gliders who are suffering from metabolic bone disease or hind leg paralysis. It is important to first take malnourished gliders to the vet as they are often candidates for a subcutaneous calcium injection and other treatments.
Batches and Freezing
One "batch" of this recipe will produce about 7 cups. With a two tablespoon serving per glider per day, a batch would last a pair gliders two months, depending on waste. You need to keep the bulk of your batch frozen and only transfer amounts needed for a few days at a time into the refrigerator. Please note that as a rescue we err on the side of over-feeding especially when nursing malnourished rescues back to health You may be able to cut back the portions to a tablespoon and a half if the glider is generally healthy. You can water the formula down if they are getting fat. A full grown adult male should be about 150 grams. Gliders that get out of their cage every night and exercise for a few hours usually don't get fat.
DISCLAIMER:
— Show this recipe to your veterinarian. — Let your veterinarian decide if its contents are good for your pet. — LGRS Suggie Soup is only one part of an overall diet plan. — See the compote section to learn more on foods to feed with the soup. Veterinarians: a comprehensive nutritional analysis of LGRS Suggie Soup is published on http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/viewrecipe.asp?item=...
Ingredients
1 cup of canned Mango juice or liquefied fresh Mango 1 cup of canned Papaya juice or liquefied fresh Papaya 2 cups of Calcium & Vitamin D fortified Orange Juice 2 cups of Filtered Honey (see footnote 1) 1/4 cup of Plain, Low-Fat Yogurt (kind with 12g protein per half pint) 1 small scrambled egg 1 Tablespoon of Trader Darwin's Vanilla Flavored Soy (see footnote 2) 1 Tablespoon of powdered, Dehydrated Fly Pupae (see footnote 3) 2 Tablespoons of powdered Bee Pollen (see footnote 4)
Preparation
1. Cook and scramble egg, set aside to cool
2. With a blender, powder the bee pollen and dehydrated fly pupae together so it is one fine powder and set aside
3. Warm honey using a hot water bath method or microwave.
4. Mix warmed honey and juices in blender
5. Add protein powder and yogurt to the juice and honey mixture. Blend till smooth [depending on the size of your blender. You may need to blend the rest in stages]
6. Add egg and pollen/pupae mix into the liquid ingredients. Blend until smooth.
7. Pour into small freezer-safe containers for freezing use containers that you can put in the fridge with enough to last two or three days. If you have two gliders who will only eat two tablespoons per serving, those containers can be pretty small. You can freeze the soup in ice cube trays and pop the frozen cubes into freezer bags.
RECIPE FOOTNOTES
1. Do not use raw, comb, or unfiltered honey. Look for the world “filtered” or “pasteurized” on the label.
2. A nutritional analysis of Trader Darwin’s Vanilla Flavored Soy is on this web page: http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/food.asp?ndbid=99998... If you cannot get this item in your area, other vitamin fortified soy isolate products will work, but compare them and try to come close to this nutritional profile. A suitable substitute for Trader Darwins is Arnold’s Choice Possum Milk Replacer. You can find Arnold’s choice here: http://www.sugar-gliders.com/possum-milk-replacer.htm. A third choice is Designer Whey: http://www.designerwhey.com
3. Make sure they are DEHYDRATED. Get the Pupae *not* the Larvae. Dehydrated fly pupae is available from Oregon Feeder Insects Inc. 866.641.8938 www.OregonFeederInsects.com If you cannot get this you can substitute dried crickets.
4. Bee pollen is available on line at www.BulkFoods.com You can also buy it at local “Whole Foods Market” or GNC nutrition stores. A Word on Fruit and Veggie and Meat Compotes
You should also offer a compote of properly balanced Fruits, Veggies and Meat on the side of the soup. Offer two tablespoons per glider. Watch out for high Ph contents of meats. Must offset so overall Ca:Ph ratio is 2:1
For compote examples see:
http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/publicrecipes.asp
Properly balanced compote recipes on the site include:
- CornPapayaExample (LuckyGlider) - Eric's Example recipe (Eric Coleman)
There are also some cool smoothies from Dahlia up there too
Another Disclaimer:
There will be other recipes on the public recipes page at sugarglider.com. Just being there does not make them automatically correct. You have to check. Inside of each recipe's nutritional analysis, be sure to scroll down and ensure there is twice as much calcium as there is phosphorus. That's the general rule of thumb. Dark green vegetables have good calcium, but it is cancelled out by the oxalates, so don't use dark green veggies for their Ca content.
Misleading Ratio Warning
Many dark, green leafy vegetables such as spinach and turnip greens tout high amounts of Ca and a favorable Ca:Ph ratio. This is misleading. Dark, green leafy vegetables are usually high in oxalates. This substance is known to bind to, and prevent the digestion of Calcium in the host plant. This means despite the “high” Calcium content, between 90 and 100 percent of it will not be available to metabolize.
Results
Here at Lucky Glider Rescue & Sanctuary, we have been using variations of this basic recipe since 2007. Early in 2007 we fed the HPW diet but later made adjustments accounting for our desire to improve the calcium ratio and to reduce the cholesterol from the eggs. The “before and after” photos below show how well gliders respond to a high protein diet such as HPW or LGRS. The example of Dottie on the top shows the favorable “before and after” results of using HPW (We are saying we were happy with the results of HPW 2 years ago). The before and after shots of Toolah and Picachu are examples of favorable results using LGRS suggie soup.
Here is a link to before and after photos:
http://www.sugarglider.com/glidergossip/Photos/3262/Befor...
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| 30 L A T E S T R E P L I E S (Newest First) |
viciousencounters Posted - Apr 18 2013 : 01:12:17 PM
quote: Originally posted by arcwind
quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider
A lot of people have been asking what you can use instead of the Trader Darwin's Vanilla Flavored Soy...
Here are suitable substitutes in order of preference:
1. High Protein Womberoo (a bit expensive, but OK)
http://www.sugar-glider-store.com/wombaroo-high-protein-supplement-25o.html
2. Arnold's Choice Possum Milk Replacer (Whey-based and a lot cheaper than the womberoo supplement)
http://www.sugar-gliders.com/possum-milk-replacer.htm
3. Designer Whey
http://www.designerwhey.com/
Question for the extremely diet-knowledgable among the group, If HPW can base its entire protein profile for the diet around the Wombaroo Supplemant would that mean if we substituted the Wombaroo Supplement for the Soy, or even added a little in on top of the soy, would that remove the Protein requirement from the LGRS Compote requirement?
The reason i ask is I feel bad that they are getting re-heated boiled chicken or fried hamburger or frozen egg ommlettes every night that i dont cook something i can just give them that we are eating.
On the additional protein component for LGRS Ed [Luckyglider] states the following:
quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider It would be kind of "boring" to just eat soup all the time. Gliders love to hold their food and run off with a piece of food to a favorite "safe place."
That said, the soup is nutritionally complete, but we advocate variety and a rotation of fruit and veggie relishes and some meats too.
http://www.sugarglider.com/glidergossip/topic.asp?TOPIC_I...quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider
The soup recipe was formulated to give them pretty much all they need. We always advise feeding a rotation of other foods but that is really for variety and to give them the "fun" of holding and eating solid foods.
The soup attempts to approximate the kinds of things they eat in the wild. That is sap, nectar, pollen and bugs. The honey is the placeholder for the sap and nectar. The pollen is just that so it is part of what they eat in the wild anyway. The fly pupae is bugs. Everything else is for mineral content and protein. The pollen, yogurt, egg, bugs, protein powder, etc. gets them the essential protein they need, but it does not hurt to give them animal proteins on the side or bugs on the side.
http://www.sugarglider.com/glidergossip/topic.asp?TOPIC_I...
These statements were all made when the impression that LGRS Suggie Soup does not have enough protein without the meat component side was speculated in a thread. It is untrue that the Suggie Soup itself does not contain enough protein as the above statements by the creator show. It is not as if your gliders are losing something nutritionally if you do not serve the meat component on the side, such as the case with my veterinarian who felt the soup and veggies only was satisfactory but for enrichment sake I do offer these additional sides occasionally. If you have doubts, questions, comments, or concerns about what the feeding plan entails talk to the creator or consult your vet [who hopefully knows something about exotic nutrition, not all do.]
Do hope that helps  |
arcwind Posted - Apr 18 2013 : 11:21:14 AM
quote: Originally posted by Candy
quote: If HPW can base its entire protein profile for the diet around the Wombaroo Supplemant.....
NO, HPW does not get its entire protein content from the Wombaroo High Protein supplement. HPW also contains 3 Eggs in each batch that provide a majority of the protein in the Staple mixed as directed.
derp... i forgot about the eggs lol... Okay thanks candy! |
Candy Posted - Apr 17 2013 : 04:10:51 PM
quote: If HPW can base its entire protein profile for the diet around the Wombaroo Supplemant.....
NO, HPW does not get its entire protein content from the Wombaroo High Protein supplement. HPW also contains 3 Eggs in each batch that provide a majority of the protein in the Staple mixed as directed. |
arcwind Posted - Apr 17 2013 : 03:36:53 PM
quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider
A lot of people have been asking what you can use instead of the Trader Darwin's Vanilla Flavored Soy...
Here are suitable substitutes in order of preference:
1. High Protein Womberoo (a bit expensive, but OK)
http://www.sugar-glider-store.com/wombaroo-high-protein-supplement-25o.html
2. Arnold's Choice Possum Milk Replacer (Whey-based and a lot cheaper than the womberoo supplement)
http://www.sugar-gliders.com/possum-milk-replacer.htm
3. Designer Whey
http://www.designerwhey.com/
Question for the extremely diet-knowledgable among the group, If HPW can base its entire protein profile for the diet around the Wombaroo Supplemant would that mean if we substituted the Wombaroo Supplement for the Soy, or even added a little in on top of the soy, would that remove the Protein requirement from the LGRS Compote requirement?
The reason i ask is I feel bad that they are getting re-heated boiled chicken or fried hamburger or frozen egg ommlettes every night that i dont cook something i can just give them that we are eating. |
Candy Posted - Apr 15 2013 : 08:26:25 PM
quote: and every other day I sprinkle glide-a-mins over her fruits and veggies
Glide-a-mins are not a part of the HPW feeding plan and should NOT be added.
LGRS and HPW Complete are very different feeding plans.
HPW complete is supposed to provide all the protein, calcium and vitamins your glider needs when fed with a variety of fruits and vegetables.
LGRS Soup provides the calcium and vitamins and part of the protein. With this feeding plan you also feed a protein source and a variety of fruits and vegetables each night.
There is no perfect glider feeding plan and there is no "approval" process. Some gliders seem to do better on one feeding plan than they do on others.
The choice of feeding plans is up to you. If your glider is doing well on the current diet, there is no need to change unless you just want a different preparation and feeding routine.
Most glider do fine with switching diets. You do not really need to do it gradually. Either way, it sometimes takes a few days on a new diet before gliders eat it well. Switching frequently can result in a number of days with each switch when gliders do not eat well.
There are other feeding plans you might also want to look over. I have links to the original directions for several that have been used for many years on my web page to help with your research.
http://www.gliderkids.com/contact.html |
superawesomenessk9 Posted - Apr 15 2013 : 06:35:37 PM
Hello educated SGF's (sugar glider families )
I am a newbie to all of this and have been doing as much research as my lil brain can handle lately! I just got my first suggie (yes I will be getting her a friend shortly but that topic is for another day..) and I am wondering everyone's honest opinion on diet. Here is what I have been doing so far (a little over a week, this is the diet provided to me by her previous owner per the breeder she came from):
-HPW complete -rotation of different mixed veggies and fruit (i have followed the suggested fruits and veggies and i THINK i am starting to understand the Ca:Ph ratio...) -pellets as filler provided to me by owner - although after doing research I now know isn't the best thing for them, I do plan to cut this out more as I learn about their diet. - and every other day I sprinkle glide-a-mins over her fruits and veggies sometimes I throw in a bit of egg, but that is about it so far..
After doing some research I am most curious about the LGRS suggie soup My questions are as follows: How does this compare to HPW Complete? Has anyone found suggie soup to be better than HPW Complete? When I do switch her diet, what is the best way...just a little change at a time?
Thank you for anyone who would like to reply to this, and I apologize if I am rehashing anything anyone has previously posted, I did do my best to read all six pages of posts before I posted!! |
LuckyGlider Posted - Jul 16 2012 : 05:59:08 PM
There is a new URL location for the official LGRS Suggie Soup Recipe. It is here now:
http://files.meetup.com/768852/LGRSSuggieSoup.pdf
If you have a hard time retrieving the file from this location, you can email me at ed@luckyglider.org and I will send the PDF back to you. |
sjones5254 Posted - Sep 29 2011 : 08:57:23 AM
Just BUMPING :) |
LuckyGlider Posted - Jul 21 2011 : 09:40:17 AM
I borrowed this from another post to update this one. Below is a "rotation" that might work for you...
quote: Originally posted by misscarl
...it says to offer fruits veggies and meat on the side. im just used to offering fruits and veggies, so do you just use like turkey or chicken (no seasonings, oil, etc) along with fruits and veggies? so every nght, each glider gets 2tbs suggie soup, 1 tbs fruit, 1tbs veggies, and 1tbs meat? ...
Great question. OK. let's establish first what meats are OK to feed: 1. Chicken, boiled or baked, no skin. Or canned with water or frozen and no preservatives 2. Turkey as in the same as chicken above 3. Lean, cooked hamburger. 4. Although technically not "meat" you can feed scrambled eggs
The problem with meat is each one of these is upside-down Ca:P-wise so you have to offset the phosphorus with calcium powder. The best D3-fortified stuff is Flukers brand because it mixes better than Repcal because it is a much finer powder. A pinch (1/8th of a teaspoon) is enough to spread out over 8 - 10 servings of meat. D3 helps in metabolizing the calcium so be sure to get the kind with D3 in it.
There are a couple of ways to feed meats.
One way is to just dice it up and serve it alongside the mixture of fruits and veggies.
Another way is to blend it with fruits or veggies that your gliders don't like. They are more likely to eat the fruits and veggies they don't like when you blend the meat in. In fact you can make little "meat balls" and bake them if you want. They will love it.
It's always a good idea to rotate the side dishes.
For example:
Sunday... Orange Slices, Halved cherry tomatoes, diced cucumber and diced chicken (cooked) (add calcium)
Monday... A plop of cottage cheese, watermelon, papaya chunks (8 parts), and corn (one part).
Tuesday... Diced chicken (cooked), melon, broccoli, peas, and a plop of yogurt (add Calcium)
Wednesday... Lean hamburger (cooked), mixed into a meatloaf with corn, peas, and berries on the side. (add calcium)
Thursday... Scrambled eggs with green peppers, strawberries, and cucumber, and a few tiny pieces of plain cheese (add calcium)
Friday... Turkey chunks with a medley of papaya, watermelon, and corn on the side (add calcium)
Saturday... A plop of yogurt, cooked lean hamburger meatballs (tiny), apple and cherry tomatoes cut in half. (add calcium)
You can go here to resources/nutrition to try out the recipe calculator to play with the portions so you can see how changing the amount of one item vs. another will change the Ca:P ratio. As implied above, you can always "rightsize" the calcium by adding a tiny pinch of Flukers across multiple servings.
P.S. Most gliders are not lactose intolerant. They nurse for 15 weeks out of pouch and 70 days in-pouch so milk is not poison to them. Just don't over-do it on the cheese. Note how during a whole week there is one plop of cottage cheese and a few pieces of plain cheese.
P.P.S. Yes, they can have citrus and tomatoes. They love tomatoes in general. Just don't overdo it. The orange juice in the soup also has citrus for example.
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LuckyGlider Posted - Jul 18 2011 : 07:02:49 AM
There is a "starter kit" available from Marsupial Madness in case you want to try this recipe and you don't want to go all over to get the weird ingredients:
http://marsupialmadness.com/?page_id=27
Disclaimer: Lucky Glider Rescue & Sanctuary has no commercial affiliation with the Marsupial Madness folks. We are a non-profit public charity and we do not "sell" the ingredients for LGRS suggie soup. We have no problem with other people doing this if it makes it easier for people to try the recipe, however.
Always check the ingredients of any starter kits against the published recipe for LGRS Suggie Soup which you will always find here:
http://files.meetup.com/768852/LGRS_SuggieSoup.pdf |
LuckyGlider Posted - Jul 18 2011 : 06:51:54 AM
A lot of people have been asking what you can use instead of the Trader Darwin's Vanilla Flavored Soy...
Here are suitable substitutes in order of preference:
1. High Protein Womberoo (a bit expensive, but OK)
http://www.sugar-glider-store.com/wombaroo-high-protein-supplement-25o.html
2. Arnold's Choice Possum Milk Replacer (Whey-based and a lot cheaper than the womberoo supplement)
http://www.sugar-gliders.com/possum-milk-replacer.htm
3. Designer Whey
http://www.designerwhey.com/
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LuckyGlider Posted - Apr 13 2011 : 07:00:03 AM
quote: Originally posted by chunloh
Are you guys talking the Jumex Mango Nectar? I wanted to try the LGRS for my gliders since they'are so picky. Thanks.
Yes we use that all the time. I prefer simply chopping up and blending the fruit though if you can get it. There are also lots of choices on the internet but sometimes the shipping is a little high.
You can also talk to your grocer about ordering it special for you... |
chunloh Posted - Apr 12 2011 : 10:30:38 AM
Are you guys talking the Jumex Mango Nectar? I wanted to try the LGRS for my gliders since they'are so picky. Thanks. |
kelii Posted - Apr 11 2011 : 07:35:27 PM
thanks! I see ceres all the time :) |
LuckyGlider Posted - Apr 11 2011 : 03:15:52 PM
Walmart carries the Ceres brand of papaya juice. Sams Club and Costco carry the Jumex brand mango juice. If you have trouble finding these, you can liquefy mango and papaya with a blender. |
DizzyPo Posted - Apr 11 2011 : 03:12:50 PM
quote: Originally posted by kelii
can someone tell me what brand of mango and papaya juice to use? I can only find the type with lots of added corn syrup.
I think Jumex is one of the brands. I just buy the fruit whole and puree what i need. |
kelii Posted - Apr 11 2011 : 03:03:14 PM
can someone tell me what brand of mango and papaya juice to use? I can only find the type with lots of added corn syrup. |
Dahlia_2020 Posted - Apr 07 2011 : 07:20:57 AM
Fixed it... Still don't know why it did that.  |
LuckyGlider Posted - Apr 07 2011 : 07:12:10 AM
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Dahlia_2020 Posted - Apr 06 2011 : 09:52:42 PM
quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider
quote: Originally posted by DizzyPo
Have you tried whole foods? It's on N. Academy. There is an Indian grocery called Sai Mart on Vickers drive. Seoul Oriental Grocery Market is on S. Academy. When I can't find what I want at my usual grocery stores, I go to mexican, asian and indian grocery stores.
yes, the Mexican stores are a great place to buy mango and papaya...
Oooh! GREAT idea! I've been having a horrible time finding good papaya lately but I hadn't thought of checking out those kind of grocery stores. I will have to do that. Thanks for the tip! |
Dahlia_2020 Posted - Apr 06 2011 : 09:50:13 PM
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LuckyGlider Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 12:09:07 PM
quote: Originally posted by shadow
try Dahlia_2020's fruit and veggie recipes http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/ they may like it better since there is many different fruit and veggies mixed in. i looked at their fruit bowl again and i can clearly see there is a pile of untouch fruit since i can still see chunks left. i always worry im not feeding them enough since if i ever do more then 1T of a part of their diet they always leave food so i make the servings just a little bit over 1T and every day i find their bowls empty.
Yes I agree. Some of those recipes are really yummy. And variety is always good. |
shadow Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 11:30:17 AM
try Dahlia_2020's fruit and veggie recipes http://www.sugarglider.com/nutrition/ they may like it better since there is many different fruit and veggies mixed in. i looked at their fruit bowl again and i can clearly see there is a pile of untouch fruit since i can still see chunks left. i always worry im not feeding them enough since if i ever do more then 1T of a part of their diet they always leave food so i make the servings just a little bit over 1T and every day i find their bowls empty. |
viciousencounters Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 11:13:36 AM
Glad mine aren't the only ones. Last night they got about 1.5 TB of chicken, 3 TB of LGRS, 4 TB of Blueberries and 4 TB of lettuces.
When I look at the fruit and veggies bowl it looks like nothing is gone but the chicken and LGRS bowl has a million little crescents laying in it. lol |
shadow Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 11:05:25 AM
im glad the meat thing is more of a treat and im not missing anything in their diet. i will start having my mom leave a bit of chicken plain for the boys since she cooks it so often.
my small glider rune is always pushing around his big boned brother vash as well vicious XD lol. the portions are also to big for mine and i dont like wasting food. i increase the amount every now and then just to make sure im feeding them enough. gave them 2T of fruit last night and they have a ton left over and i know about them sucking all the juice out and spiting the rest out. |
viciousencounters Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 10:33:49 AM
Thank you for the reply.
Well....I think since the introductions the smallest one by mass is trying to be dominant. She is 2 years older but 22g smaller than the glider she balled up with. I checked them and my other two like you said and everything looked normal.
I fed chicken along with the diet last night and they ate pretty well. I'm noticing for my girls that the portion sizes are way to big. lol But I will figure that part out. |
LuckyGlider Posted - Mar 07 2011 : 08:37:08 AM
quote: Originally posted by viciousencounters
quote: Originally posted by shadow
oh.....dont know how i missed that >.< lol
Heee, thats understandable.
Um yes thats what i'm worried about, my girls balled up last night over a piece of egg, that was really abnormal for them, so I was wondering if it was because of the lack of meat, I have not provided them with a meat component yet...so maybe thats the issue?
I'm glad you brought up the meat thing.
One thing people often get confused with on the LGRS Suggie Soup is that it's just part of an overall nicely-balanced diet. It would be kind of "boring" to just eat soup all the time. Gliders love to hold their food and run off with a piece of food to a favorite "safe place."
That said, the soup is nutritionally complete, but we advocate variety and a rotation of fruit and veggie relishes and some meats too. Ground turkey meat can be rolled into tiny balls and baked with egg and ground veggies for example. They also love chopped, skinless, boiled chicken. Even lean hamburger is good every once and a while.
Your girls "balling up" over some special food they both love is actually common. Gliders fight over food sometimes. If they love a particular food, you can offer two dishes so they can feel less competitive about it. But there are skirmishes all the time between gliders over food. That's one of the reasons we do not advocate having food around initially during strange glider introductions.
Please be sure to hold them gently and check them for scratches or bites after they ball up over food or anything else. Gently separate their fur to see if there are any abrasions on their skin. If you find any, it is a good idea to separate them until the wounds heal. They may "overgroom" a wound and cause damage if they see a wound. I hope they are OK!
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viciousencounters Posted - Mar 06 2011 : 06:28:10 PM
quote: Originally posted by shadow
oh.....dont know how i missed that >.< lol
Heee, thats understandable.
Um yes thats what i'm worried about, my girls balled up last night over a piece of egg, that was really abnormal for them, so I was wondering if it was because of the lack of meat, I have not provided them with a meat component yet...so maybe thats the issue? |
shadow Posted - Mar 06 2011 : 06:20:30 PM
oh.....dont know how i missed that >.< lol |
viciousencounters Posted - Mar 06 2011 : 06:15:09 PM
Shadow I am referring to when Lucky glider says this......
quote: Originally posted by LuckyGlider
A Word on Fruit and Veggie and Meat Compotes
You should also offer a compote of properly balanced Fruits, Veggies and Meat on the side of the soup. Offer two tablespoons per glider. Watch out for high Ph contents of meats. Must offset so overall Ca:Ph ratio is 2:1
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