It depends on what office you talk to Catman. The Colorado office that presides over NV said they kinda treat them like cats and dogs now and not exotics. The paperwork for them is "not cats and dogs" paperwork. There are plenty of state, county, and municipal bodies that call them exotic so the USDA says they really don't have to. Their whole thing is overseeing people's treatment of them for breeding, brokering or display.
Regarding the need for a license if you charge a fee, as thefotocat suggests; however, according to our handlers at the USDA the reason we need a license is we charge a FLAT fee. They said if we charged just the exact cost of vet fees, we would not need a license. But that does not work because we spend hundreds on some gliders (some times up to $700 for certain surgeries) and people won't pay that. Our (very flexible by the way) $125 fee includes neuters for the males, health check, needed surgeries, stool float, etc. so its a nominal fee which is used to make sure people are serious. When people adopt larger colonies we usually only charge as if it were two or three. I wish we could charge nothing, but when you get to the volume we have it just gets too crazy even though the fee does not begin to cover all the costs. But that's what non-profits are all about :-)