In my gliders' cases, the vet did the surgery with a tiny, focused laser beam. Of course, the gliders were given anesthetics first. I was actually in the OR with them during that part, and then I stepped out when they did the surgery. It was very fast, and I guess relatively painless. My guys were pretty much back to normal (sans poms) by that same evening. By the next day, all I could see was a tiny dimple on their bellies where the poms had been, no scabs, wounds, or the like.