Honestly, the best thing to do is give her time. Try to watch her and make sure she’s not hurt from the vet. I do not think you broke her trust, I think she’s just scared about getting hurt/mishandled again and once she feels safe again, she’ll be fine.
For the introducing the two together, sugar glider are territorial so they will have to get used to each other before they can live together. (The younger the are, the easier). Switch out their sleeping pouches with each other’s every night, so they can get used to the smell. Also, let them out to play together in a safe area, such as the bathroom or tub where they can’t run away. Make sure you supervise them during this just in case they try to fight with each other and you can easily break it up.